Leaked FSB Files Reveal Iran Spied on Russia — and Moscow Knew

A recent leak of classified documents from Russia’s Federal Security Service (FSB) has exposed a deep undercurrent of mistrust between Moscow and Tehran, challenging long-held assumptions about their strategic partnership.

The files, obtained by The Insider — a Russian dissident media outlet banned domestically — suggest Iran has been conducting widespread espionage activities inside Russia. These reportedly include the recruitment of Russian scientists, infiltration of research institutions, and the theft of military and nuclear technologies. Iranian operatives are said to have used business delegations and diplomatic credentials as cover to smuggle sensitive information out of the country.

According to the FSB documents, Russia was well aware of these activities. Far from being caught off guard, the FSB reportedly considered Iran “more of an enemy than an ally,” and took active steps to thwart Tehran’s nuclear program. Notably, the documents hint at unofficial intelligence-sharing between Russia and Israel to contain Iranian ambitions.

The leak also details Tehran’s attempts to exert influence over Shiite communities in Russia, which the FSB labeled a threat to national security.

While the authenticity of the documents has not been independently verified, analysts caution that the timing and nature of the leak may reflect a deliberate move by Moscow. Experts point out that the release of true information to shape a geopolitical narrative is a known Russian tactic.

Still, the revelations cast doubt on the widely touted narrative of a “deep alliance” between the two countries.